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Ocean asset accounts track change over time. They compare the state in ocean asset stocks at the beginning and end of the accounting period. This requires timeseries data for at least two points in time.
Ocean ecosystem accounts are spatially explicit and require georeferenced data. This may be vector data (point, polyline, polygon)[84], raster data or spatially referenced data in tabular format.
To enable meaningful comparisons, accounts require data on ocean assets that are generally consistent over space and time.
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Currently, there is no agreed international standard classification for ocean ecosystems. To enable international comparisons, the SEEA EA recommends the use of the International Union for Conservation of Nature Global Ecosystem Typology (IUCN GET) [9] as a reference classification.
The GOAP Technical Guidance suggests the United States’ National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification System (CMECS) [10] as another useful option. The CMECS may provide more detailed classes for some marine ecosystems.
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Coastal: Beaches, coastal dunes, coastal flats, coastal water bodies (e.g. bays), estuaries, mangroves, rocky shores, warm water coral.
Marine (to shelf): cold water coral, lagoons, seagrass beds (by type), seaweed, warm water coral reefs, pelagic and benthic.
Marine (shelf to exclusive economic zone (EEZ)): Cold water/deep water coral, crustacean habitat, fish habitat, glass sponges, sea cucumber habitat, uninhabited sand, uninhabited rock, pelagic and benthic.
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2.5 Inventory structure
The Inventory is structured around a) key data needs for physical asset accounts and b) generally established data quality assessment criteria for national statistics. The updated structure seeks to provide national ocean account compilers with information that can be used to rapidly assess the relevance, utility, strengths and weaknesses of each dataset. The information should enable the users to decide whether a dataset is of suitable quality for their specific national context and ocean accounting priorities. Table 4 presents an overview of the Inventory structure, including explanations of the information captured under each column. The Inventory covers five high-level data quality assessment criteria:
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